Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS)

Bruising around the umbilicus in cases of intra-abdominal bleeding is known as what sign?

1. Cullen's sign

2. Roving's sign

3. Psoas sign

4. Murphy's sign

The correct answer is: Cullen's sign

Cullen's sign refers to the appearance of bruising around the umbilicus, which may indicate the presence of intra-abdominal bleeding, especially from conditions such as ruptured ectopic pregnancy or pancreatic hemorrhage. The discoloration occurs due to the pooling of blood that seeps into the subcutaneous tissue around the belly button. This sign is clinically significant because it suggests that there is internal bleeding, which may require immediate evaluation and intervention, such as imaging studies or surgical consultation. Recognizing Cullen's sign in a patient with abdominal pain is crucial as it can guide further diagnostic and management steps in a potentially life-threatening situation. The other terms listed refer to different signs related to abdominal conditions but do not pertain to bruising around the umbilicus. Roving's sign is associated with appendicitis; the Psoas sign indicates irritation of the psoas muscle, typically related to appendicitis; and Murphy's sign is used to assess for gallbladder inflammation. Understanding these distinctions is essential in clinical assessments to diagnose conditions accurately.